Charlie P. wrote:Voralfred: I am coming to the possibility that the cross was a symbol used by some Judeo-Christian sects and by Christian-like Gnostics before AD 70 - 79.
(...)
And if they really believed this (whether there is a scientific explaination bound in mass hallucination or not), why should they not have adopted the cross as a symbol in their own lifetimes?
- - C.R.P.
I am not saying this is impossible. I do not have any personal opinion on the time at which the cross started to be used as a christian symbol. I only try to pinpoint what your position is.
I understand you consider that the Herculanum find shows that the latin cross was used vey early, this is clear from what you claim. Again I am no discussing this claim, I just want to be sure you actually claim it.
Where I am not sure about your position is about the sideways cross: what is your present claim about the sign to the right of "Yeshua bar Yehoseph" at this point?
- a "tav", as I heard said in french in the version of the movie I saw?
- a sideways cross, as a pre-Templar christian symbol as you hinted a few posts above?
- or just a maker's mark as L. Y. Rahmani claims?
I still do not understand why the DNA testing you chose to begin with were not those who could give an immediate DISPROOF of your theory, and if going in the right direction, if not an absolute proof (because a woman and a man having the same mitochondrial DNA does not proves she is his mother rather than his maternal grandmother or aunt, or his sister, or his niece on his sister's side and so on) but a least a very strong argument:
so Yeshua bar Yehoseph compared to Maria
or Mariamenou compared to Yehuda bar Yeshua.
A negative result in either of these would destroy your theory.
A positive result would be a VERY STRONG argument, two positive results almost a perfect proof.
Now there is a third DNA that has been sequenced, that of James.
There is no point comparing it to Mariamenou's DNA, but only to compare it to Yeshua bar Yehoseph's one.
(assuming only mitochondrial DNA is usable in that case also).
This could settle your (internal) discussion with Simha Jacobovici, but has absolutely no incidence on the validity of the main thesis of your team, one way or another:
-if negative, it could vindicate your claim that James was Jesus half-brother but not the son of Mary, but that could just as well be explained by there being no relation whatsoever between the James ossuary and the Talpiot tomb, and of either with the family of Jesus (I distinguish Yeshua bar Yehoseph of the tomb from Jesus, since I am not taking sides, neither claiming you are wrong nor that you are right and provisionally keeping the two distinct).
- if positive, it would indicate that the James ossuary is indeed probably the "lost" ossuary of the Talpiot tomb. However, this would indicate that James bar Yehoseph and Yeshua bar Yehoseph have not only the same father but the same mother. That would be some argument in favor of they being indeed Jesus and his (full!) brother, but against the generally accepted reading of the Gospels, which you share. But it could equally be just any family where a father by the name of Joseph had two sons called Yeshua and James (Yaacov). Unless there is evidence that "Maria" has the same mitochondrial DNA, this is not a very strong evidence.
I am not very convinced by the statistics, to say the least: you are multiplying by the number of ossuaries that have been actually
found but I do not see why. The probability of random occurence of these names should be multiplied by the total number of ossuaries expected to have been buried during that historical period, whether they were recovered or not! Instead of 1000, one should multiply by a number of the order of hundreds of thousands, the total number of people who died during a century or so in that general area. Because, assuming there were several families with the same combination of names all over the area, why should the recovered tomb be that of Jesus rather than any of the other ones? So one has to estimate the probablity of existence of such a family, irrespective of the fact that the tomb was actually found. The number of 1000 ossuaries that were actually found is totally irrelevant. The probability would be exactly the same if that tomb had been the only one ever recovered, or if one had found 100.000 or more ossuaries! If the expectation number of families where this combination of names should happen
throughout the historical period is statistically X, the probability of it being Jesus family's tomb is 1/(1+X), and that of being a different family X/(1+X).
Unless you add the irrational element that, if a single tomb is found, it cannot be random, it had to be the "good" one - I do not discuss such a position, if you are a believer, of course if two families have the same names, then the preserved tomb should be that of Jesus, and the other family's tomb would be lost like hundreds of thousands of lost ossuaries. I do
not discuss such an act of faith. It is highly respectable, and I will never discuss anybody's beliefs.
But one should call it as it is: an act of faith. This is not statistically correct, from a purely mathematical point of view. One has to multiply by the number of families who ever lived at that time, not the number of recovered ossuaries.